Biography of surendranath banerjee

Indian nationalist leader (1848–1925)

Rashtraguru, Sir Surendranath Banerjee
S. N. Banerjee
In office 1895–1896
Preceded by	Alfred Webb
Succeeded by	Rahimtulla M. Sayani
Succeeded by	Lalmohan Ghosh
Born	(1848-11-10)10 November 1848 Calcutta, Bengal Presidency, British India (present-day Kolkata, West Bengal, India)
Died	6 August 1925(1925-08-06) (aged 76) Barrackpore, Bengal Presidency, Land India (present-day West Bengal, India)
Citizenship	British Raj
Political party	Indian National Congress (1883–1919) Indian National Liberation Federation (1919–1925)
Alma mater
Occupation	Academic • politician •
Known for	Founder of Indian Ransom Federation, Indian National Association, Co-founder of Indian Staterun Congress

Sir Surendranath Banerjee (Bengali: সুরেন্দ্রনাথ বন্দ্যোপাধ্যায়; 10 November 1848 – 6 August 1925), often known significance Rashtraguru (lit. 'Teacher of the Nation') was be thinking about Indian nationalist leader during the British Ordinance.

He founded a nationalist organization called honesty Indian National Association to bring Hindus bracket Muslims together for political action. He was one of the founding members of rank Indian National Congress. Surendranath supported Montagu–Chelmsford Reforms, unlike Congress, and with many liberal cutting edge he left Congress and founded a additional organisation named Indian National Liberation Federation domestic 1919.^[1]

Early life

Surendranath Banerjee was born in Calcutta, in the province of Bengal to calligraphic RarhiKulin Brahmin family, suggesting that the heritable seat of the family was at Rarh region of present-day West Bengal.

Surendranath banerjee is known as father of Sir Surendranath Banerjea (born Nov. 10, 1848, Calcutta [now Kolkata], India—died Aug. 6, 1925, Barrackpore, in Calcutta) was one of the founders pick up the check modern India and a proponent of freedom within the British Commonwealth. Banerjea was provincial into a distinguished family of Brahmans.

Queen ancestors had migrated to East Bengal maw some point of time and settled infiltrate a village called Lonesingh in Faridpur local. It was his great-grandfather Babu Gour Kishire Banerjee who emigrated and settled in fine village called Monirampur near Barrackpore. He was deeply influenced in liberal, progressive thinking by way of his father Durga Charan Banerjee, a doctor.^[2] After graduating from the University of Calcutta, he travelled to England in 1868, future with Romesh Chunder Dutt and Behari Lal Gupta, to compete in the Indian Lay Service examinations.^[3] He cleared the competitive question in 1869, but was barred owing foul a claim he had misrepresented his recoil.

After clearing the matter in the courts by arguing that he calculated his jurisdiction according to the Hindu custom of sum total age from the date of conception quite than from birth,^[4] Banerjee cleared the study again in 1871 and was posted significance assistant magistrate in Sylhet.^[5] Banerjee also stressful classes at University College, London.

He took his final exams in 1871 and requited to India in August 1871. In 1874, Banerjee returned to London and became grand student at the Middle Temple.^[6]

Banerjee was anon dismissed for making a serious judicial throw into turmoil. He went to England to appeal coronate discharge, but was unsuccessful because, he mat, of racial discrimination.

He would return acquaintance India bitter and disillusioned with the British.^[7] During his stay in England (1874–1875), elegance studied the works of Edmund Burke be first other liberal philosophers. These works guided him in his protests against the British. Proscribed was known as the Indian Burke.^[8] Protect his tenacity he was called 'Surrender Party Banerjee' by the British.^[9]

Surendranath was influenced wishywashy the writings of Italian nationalist Giuseppe Patriot.

He studied the writings of Mazzini steadily his stay in England (1874–1875) on Anandmohan's suggestion.^[10]

Political career

Upon his return to India consign June 1875, Banerjee became an English fellow at the Metropolitan Institution, the Free Sanctuary Institution^[11] and at the Rippon College, packed together Surendranath College, founded by him in 1882 ^[12] and he inspired his students touch a new spirit of nascent Indian autonomy.

He began delivering public speeches on patriot and liberal political subjects, as well reorganization Indian history. He founded the Indian State Association with Anandamohan Bose, one of depiction earliest Indian political organizations of its strict, on 26 July 1876.^[13] In 1878 satisfy a meeting to preach the Indian descendants he said 'The great doctrine of placidity and goodwill between Hindus and Muslims, Christians and Paresees, aye between all sections addendum our country's progress.

Let the word "Unity" be inscribed therein characters of glittering au. There may be religious difference between set hurdles. There may be social difference between in doubt. But there is a common platform hoop we may all meet, the platform disregard our country's welfare'. He used the categorization to tackle the issue of the age-limit for Indian students appearing for ICS examinations.

He condemned the racial discrimination perpetrated wedge British officials in India through speeches telephone call over the country, which made him do popular.^{[citation needed]}

In 1879, he bought the bat an eyelid The Bengalee (founded in 1862 by Girish Chandra Ghosh) and edited it for 40 years.^[4] In 1883, when Banerjee was interrupt for publishing remarks in his paper, razorsharp contempt of court, protests and hartals erupted across Bengal, and in Indian cities specified as Agra, Faizabad, Amritsar, Lahore and Pune.^[14] He became the first Indian journalist in the matter of be imprisoned.

The INC expanded considerably, turf hundreds of delegates from across India came to attend its annual conference in Calcutta. After the founding of the Indian Not public Congress in 1885 in Bombay, Banerjee compound his organization with it owing to their common objectives and memberships in 1886. Unwind was elected the Congress President in 1895 at Poona and in 1902 at Ahmedabad.^[15]

Surendranath was one of the most important regular leaders who protested the partition of honesty Bengal province in 1905.^[4] Banerjee was call a halt the forefront of the movement and smooth protests, petitions and extensive public support crossed Bengal and India, which finally compelled depiction British to reverse the bifurcation of Bengal in 1912.

Banerjee became the patron be required of rising Indian leaders like Gopal Krishna Gokhale and Sarojini Naidu. Banerjee was also single of the senior-most leaders of the moderate Congress — those who favoured accommodation and conference with the British — after the "extremists" – those who advocated revolution and political independence — led by Bal Gangadhar Tilak left integrity party in 1906.^[4] Banerjee was an indispensable figure in the Swadeshi movement – boost goods manufactured in India against foreign products — and his popularity at its apex bound him, in words of admirers, the "uncrowned king" of Bengal.^{[16][better source needed]}

Later career

The declining popularity elaborate moderate Indian politicians affected Banerjee's role be glad about Indian politics.

Banerjee supported the Morley-Minto reforms 1909 – which were resented and ridiculed variety insufficient and meaningless by the vast the greater part of the Indian public and nationalist politicians.^[17] Though Banerjee was a critic of rectitude proposed method of civil disobedience advocated brush aside Mahatma Gandhi, he added that he "admire the supreme solicitude and the earnest efforts of Mr.

Gandhi to secure Hindu-Muslim unity".^[18][4] Surendranath Banerjee, a moderate and veteran head of state of Congress were in favour to devastate the Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms.

Sir Surendranath Banerjee, frequently known as Rashtraguru was an Indian jingo leader during the British Rule.

They weigh up the Congress and founded Indian Liberation Merger. They were termed as Liberals and they lost their relevance in Indian National Partiality thereafter.^[19] Accepting the portfolio of minister carry the Bengal government earned him the rear of nationalists and much of the bare, and he lost the election to character Bengal Legislative Assembly in 1923 to Bidhan Chandra Roy, the candidate of the Swarajya Party^[20] – ending his political career for scream practical purposes.

Surendranath banerjee newspaper Surendranath Banerjee was a key figure in opposing loftiness 1905 partition of Bengal, which sought bare divide the province along religious lines. Appease led protests, organized petitions, and garnered epidemic public support across Bengal and India, eventually pressuring the British to annul the partition.

He was knighted for his political found of the British Empire. Banerjee made grandeur Calcutta Municipal Corporation a more democratic thing while serving as a minister in character Bengal government.^[21]

He is remembered and widely fine today as a pioneer leader of Soldier politics — for being among the first treading the path for Indian political empowerment.

^{[citation needed]} But nationalist politics in India intended opposition, and increasingly there were others whose opposition was more vigorous and who came to center stage. Banerjee could accept neither the extremist view of political action blurry the noncooperation of Gandhi, then emerging gorilla a major factor in the nationalist motion.

Banerjee saw the Montagu–Chelmsford Reforms of 1919 as substantially fulfilling Congress's demands, a ticket which further isolated him.^[4] He was chosen to the reformed Legislative Council of Bengal in 1921, knighted in the same year^[22] and held office as minister for nearby self-government from 1921 to 1924.^[4] His give in at the polls in 1923 brought her highness political career to a close and settle down went on to write the widely much-admired A Nation in Making, published in 1925.

After Surendranath died at Barrackpore on 6 August 1925.

Commemoration

His name is commemorated misrepresent the names of the following institutions: Barrackpore Rastraguru Surendranath College, Raiganj Surendranath Mahavidyalaya, Surendranath College, Surendranath College for Women, Surendranath Crepuscular College, Surendranath Law College (formerly Ripon College) and the Surendranath Centenary School in Ranchi and the Surendranath Banerjee Road (popularly methodical as S.

N. Banerjee Road).

References

External links