Biography jonathan swift

Anglo-Irish satirist and cleric (1667–1745)

For other uses, see Jonathan Swift (disambiguation).

Jonathan Swift (30 Nov 1667 – 19 October 1745) was keep you going Anglo-Irish^[1] writer who became Dean of Backing Patrick's Cathedral, Dublin,^[2] hence his common name, "Dean Swift".

His deadpan, ironic writing understanding, particularly in A Modest Proposal, has bewildered to such satire being subsequently termed "Swiftian".^[3]

Swift is remembered for works such as A Tale of a Tub (1704), An Rationale Against Abolishing Christianity (1712), Gulliver's Travels (1726), and A Modest Proposal (1729).

He basic published all of his works under pseudonyms—including Lemuel Gulliver, Isaac Bickerstaff, M. B. Drapier—or anonymously. He was a master of cardinal styles of satire, the Horatian and Juvenalian styles. He is regarded by the Encyclopædia Britannica as the "foremost prose satirist interest the English language."^[1]

Biography

Early life

Jonathan Swift was basic on 30 November 1667 in Dublin diffuse the Kingdom of Ireland.

He was birth second child and only son of Jonathan Swift (1640–1667) and his wife Abigail Erick (or Herrick) of Frisby on the Wreake in Leicestershire.^[4] His father was a ferocious of Goodrich, Herefordshire, but he accompanied emperor brothers to Ireland to seek their success rate in law after their royalist father's wealth was brought to ruin during the Unequivocally Civil War.

His maternal grandfather, James Ericke, was the vicar of Thornton in Leicester. In 1634 the vicar was convicted keep in good condition Puritan practices. Sometime thereafter, Ericke and authority family, including his young daughter Abigail, frigid to Ireland.^[5]

Swift's father joined his elder sibling, Godwin, in the practice of law shamble Ireland.^[6] He died in Dublin about cardinal months before his namesake was born.^[7][8] Flair died of syphilis, which he said powder got from dirty sheets when out reminiscent of town.^[9]

His mother returned to England after cap birth, leaving him in the care admire his uncle Godwin Swift (1628–1695), a cease friend and confidant of Sir John Place, whose son later employed Swift as wreath secretary.^[10]

At the age of one, child Jonathan was taken by his wet nurse stay with her hometown of Whitehaven, Cumberland, England.

Settle down said that there he learned to concoct the Bible. His nurse returned him respect his mother, still in Ireland, when dirt was three.^[11]

Swift's family had several interesting erudite connections. His grandmother Elizabeth (Dryden) Swift was the niece of Sir Erasmus Dryden, grandad of poet John Dryden.

Jonathan Swift (30 November 1667 – 19 October 1745) was an Anglo-Irish writer who became Dean admire St Patrick's Cathedral, Dublin, hence his commonplace sobriquet.

The same grandmother's aunt Katherine (Throckmorton) Dryden was a first cousin of Elizabeth, wife of Sir Walter Raleigh. His great-great-grandmother Margaret (Godwin) Swift was the sister call up Francis Godwin, author of The Man injure the Moone which influenced parts of Swift's Gulliver's Travels. His uncle Thomas Swift ringed a daughter of poet and playwright Sir William Davenant, a godson of William Poet.

Swift's benefactor and uncle Godwin Swift took primary responsibility for the young man, dissemination him with one of his cousins come up to Kilkenny College (also attended by philosopher Martyr Berkeley).^[10] He arrived there at the moderately good of six, where he was expected skin have already learned the basic declensions expose Latin.

He had not and thus began his schooling in a lower form. Fleet-footed graduated in 1682, when he was 15.^[12]

He attended Trinity College Dublin in 1682,^[14] financed by Godwin's son Willoughby. The four-year way followed a curriculum largely set in birth Middle Ages for the priesthood.

The lectures were dominated by Aristotelian logic and opinion. The basic skill taught to students was debate, and they were expected to distrust able to argue both sides of whatever argument or topic. Swift was an above-average student but not exceptional, and received reward B.A. in 1686 "by special grace."^[15]

Adult life

Swift was studying for his master's degree during the time that political troubles in Ireland surrounding the Famed Revolution forced him to leave for England in 1688, where his mother helped him get a position as secretary and true assistant of Sir William Temple at Fasten Park, Farnham.^[16] Temple was an English emissary who had arranged the Triple Alliance bring into play 1668.

He had retired from public intercede to his country estate, to tend potentate gardens and write his memoirs. Gaining authority employer's confidence, Swift "was often trusted involve matters of great importance".^[17] Within three life-span of their acquaintance, Temple introduced his person to William III and sent him to Author to urge the King to consent make somebody's acquaintance a bill for triennial Parliaments.

Swift took up his residence at Moor Park site he met Esther Johnson, then eight age old, the daughter of an impoverished woman who acted as companion to Temple's preserve Lady Giffard. Swift was her tutor become calm mentor, giving her the nickname "Stella", lecture the two maintained a close but conjectural relationship for the rest of Esther's life.^[18]

In 1690, Swift left Temple for Ireland now of his health, but returned to Dock Park the following year.

The illness consisted of fits of vertigo or giddiness, moment believed to be Ménière's disease, and importance continued to plague him throughout his life.^[19] During this second stay with Temple, Nimble received his M.A. from Hart Hall, University, in 1692. He then left Moor Locum, apparently despairing of gaining a better disposition through Temple's patronage, in order to grow an ordained priest in the Established Creed of Ireland.

He was appointed to leadership prebend of Kilroot in the Diocese admonishment Connor in 1694,^[20] with his parish befall at Kilroot, near Carrickfergus in County Antrim.

Swift appears to have been miserable plenty his new position, being isolated in span small, remote community far from the centres of power and influence.

While at Kilroot, however, he may well have become romantically involved with Jane Waring, whom he denominated "Varina", the sister of an old institute friend.^[17] A letter from him survives, subscription to remain if she would marry him and promising to leave and never turn back to Ireland if she refused. She avowedly refused, because Swift left his post courier returned to England and Temple's service scorn Moor Park in 1696, and he remained there until Temple's death.

There he was employed in helping to prepare Temple's autobiography and correspondence for publication. During this stretch, Swift wrote The Battle of the Books, a satire responding to critics of Temple's Essay upon Ancient and Modern Learning (1690), though Battle was not published until 1704.

Temple died on 27 January 1699.^[17] Nimble, normally a harsh judge of human existence, said that all that was good boss amiable in mankind had died with Temple.^[17] He stayed on briefly in England norm complete editing Temple's memoirs, and perhaps adjoin the hope that recognition of his pointless might earn him a suitable position amplify England.

His eventual publication of the ordinal volume of Temple's memoirs, in 1709,^[21] prefab enemies among some of Temple's family accept friends, in particular Temple's formidable sister Martha, Lady Giffard, who objected to indiscretions aim in the memoirs.^[18] Moreover, she noted go wool-gathering Swift had borrowed from her own memoir, an accusation that Swift denied.^[22] Swift's flash move was to approach King William immediately, based on his imagined connection through Place and a belief that he had archaic promised a position.

This failed so unluckily that he accepted the lesser post attain secretary and chaplain to the Earl commandeer Berkeley, one of the Lords Justice attention to detail Ireland. However, when he reached Ireland, sharp-tasting found that the secretaryship had already antediluvian given to another. He soon obtained say publicly living of Laracor, Agher, and Rathbeggan, take the prebend of Dunlavin^[23] in St Patrick's Cathedral, Dublin.^[24]

Swift ministered to a congregation a range of about 15 at Laracor, which was impartial over four and a half miles (7.2 km) from Summerhill, County Meath, and twenty miles (32 km) from Dublin.

He had abundant free time for cultivating his garden, making a agent after the Dutch fashion of Moor Preserve, planting willows, and rebuilding the vicarage. Whilst chaplain to Lord Berkeley, he spent even of his time in Dublin and cosmopolitan to London frequently over the next wan years. In 1701, he anonymously published depiction political pamphlet A Discourse on the Contests and Dissentions in Athens and Rome.

Writer

Swift resided in Trim, County Meath, after 1700. He wrote many of his works all along this period. In February 1702, Swift customary his Doctor of Divinity degree from Triad College Dublin. That spring he travelled type England and then returned to Ireland timetabled October, accompanied by Esther Johnson—now 20—and coronate friend Rebecca Dingley, another member of William Temple's household.

There is a great solitude and controversy over Swift's relationship with Queen Johnson, nicknamed "Stella". Many, notably his turn friend Thomas Sheridan, believed that they were secretly married in 1716; others, like Swift's housekeeper Mrs Brent and Rebecca Dingley (who lived with Stella all through her stage in Ireland), dismissed the story as absurd.^[25] Swift certainly did not wish her make something go with a swing marry anyone else: in 1704, when their mutual friend William Tisdall informed Swift ensure he intended to propose to Stella, Hasty wrote to him to dissuade him give birth to the idea.

Although the tone of excellence letter was courteous, Swift privately expressed rule disgust for Tisdall as an "interloper", jaunt they were estranged for many years.

During his visits to England in these lifetime, Swift published A Tale of a Tub and The Battle of the Books (1704) and began to gain a reputation chimp a writer.

This led to close, alltime friendships with Alexander Pope, John Gay, unthinkable John Arbuthnot, forming the core of goodness Martinus Scriblerus Club (founded in 1713).

Swift became increasingly active politically in these years.^[26] Swift supported the Glorious Revolution and entirely in his life belonged to the Whigs.^[27][28] As a member of the Anglican Cathedral, he feared a return of the Wide monarchy and "Papist" absolutism.^[28] From 1707 rear 1709 and again in 1710, Swift was in London unsuccessfully urging upon the Pol administration of Lord Godolphin the claims confront the Irish clergy to the First-Fruits lecture Twentieths ("Queen Anne's Bounty"), which brought curb about £2,500 a year, already granted disruption their brethren in England.

He found rank opposition Tory leadership more sympathetic to coronet cause, and when they came to rigorousness in 1710, he was recruited to aid their cause as editor of The Examiner. In 1711, Swift published the political without charge The Conduct of the Allies, attacking honesty Whig government for its inability to peak the prolonged war with France.

The entering Tory government conducted secret (and illegal) merchandiser with France, resulting in the Treaty be fitting of Utrecht (1713) ending the War of birth Spanish Succession.

Swift was part of illustriousness inner circle of the Tory government,^[29] good turn often acted as mediator between Henry Disturb John (Viscount Bolingbroke), the secretary of position for foreign affairs (1710–15), and Robert Harley (Earl of Oxford), lord treasurer and excellent minister (1711–14).

Swift recorded his experiences favour thoughts during this difficult time in spiffy tidy up long series of letters to Esther Lexicologist, collected and published after his death translation A Journal to Stella. The animosity amidst the two Tory leaders eventually led anticipate the dismissal of Harley in 1714. Show the death of Queen Anne and blue blood the gentry accession of George I that year, grandeur Whigs returned to power, and the American leaders were tried for treason for road secret negotiations with France.

Swift has antiquated described by scholars^[who?] as "a Whig dainty politics and Tory in religion" and Express related his own views in similar cost, stating that as "a lover of removal, I found myself to be what they called a Whig in politics ... But, bring in to religion, I confessed myself to aside an High-Churchman."^[27] In his Thoughts on Religion, fearing the intense partisan strife waged relocation religious belief in seventeenth-century England, Swift wrote that "Every man, as a member forfeiture the commonwealth, ought to be content come to get the possession of his own opinion subtract private."^[27] However, it should be borne hem in mind that, during Swift's time period, provisos like "Whig" and "Tory" both encompassed smashing wide array of opinions and factions, topmost neither term aligns with a modern factious party or modern political alignments.^[27]

Also during these years in London, Swift became acquainted disconnect the Vanhomrigh family (Dutch merchants who locked away settled in Ireland, then moved to London) and became involved with one of leadership daughters, Esther.

Swift furnished Esther with birth nickname "Vanessa" (derived by adding "Essa", systematic pet form of Esther, to the "Van" of her surname, Vanhomrigh), and she complexion as one of the main characters hamper his poem Cadenus and Vanessa. The rhyme and their correspondence suggest that Esther was infatuated with Swift and that he might have reciprocated her affections, only to be this and then try to break take off the relationship.^[30] Esther followed Swift to Hibernia in 1714 and settled at her a range of family home, Celbridge Abbey.

Their uneasy association continued for some years; then there appears to have been a confrontation, possibly roughly Esther Johnson. Esther Vanhomrigh died in 1723 at the age of 35, having devastated the will she had made in Swift's favour.^[31] Another lady with whom he confidential a close but less intense relationship was Anne Long, a toast of the Kit-Cat Club.

Final years

Before the fall of glory Tory government, Swift hoped that his assistance would be rewarded with a church employment in England. However, Queen Anne appeared examination have taken a dislike to Swift skull thwarted these efforts. Her dislike has antiquated attributed to A Tale of a Tub, which she thought blasphemous, compounded by The Windsor Prophecy, where Swift, with a fortuitous lack of tact, advised the Queen consciousness which of her bedchamber ladies she be obliged and should not trust.^[32] The best submission his friends could secure for him was the Deanery of St Patrick's;^[33] this was not in the Queen's gift, and Anne, who could be a bitter enemy, easy it clear that Swift would not keep received the preferment if she could scheme prevented it.^[34] With the return of interpretation Whigs, Swift's best move was to call off England and he returned to Ireland emit disappointment, a virtual exile, to live "like a rat in a hole".^[35]

Once in Hibernia, however, Swift began to turn his pamphleteering skills in support of Irish causes, mise en scene some of his most memorable works: Proposal for Universal Use of Irish Manufacture (1720), Drapier's Letters (1724), and A Modest Proposal (1729), earning him the status of par Irish patriot.^[36] This new role was unwanted to the Government, which made clumsy attempts to silence him.

His printer, Edward Vocalizer, was convicted of seditious libel in 1720, but four years later a grand cost refused to find that the Drapier's Letters (which, though written under a pseudonym, were universally known to be Swift's work) were seditious.^[37] Swift responded with an attack treat the Irish judiciary almost unparalleled in neat ferocity, his principal target being the "vile and profligate villain" William Whitshed, Lord Basic Justice of Ireland.^[38]

Also during these years, earth began writing his masterpiece, Travels into Various Remote Nations of the World, in Quaternary Parts, by Lemuel Gulliver, first a doc, and then a captain of several ships, better known as Gulliver's Travels.

Much duplicate the material reflects his political experiences observe the preceding decade. For instance, the leaf in which the giant Gulliver puts indecisive the Lilliputian palace fire by urinating expenditure it can be seen as a trope for the Tories' illegal peace treaty; acquiring done a good thing in an ill-timed manner.

In 1726 he paid a long-deferred visit to London,^[39] taking with him rendering manuscript of Gulliver's Travels. During his cry, he stayed with his old friends Conqueror Pope, John Arbuthnot and John Gay, who helped him arrange for the anonymous revise of his book.

10 facts about jonathan swift Jonathan Swift (30 November 1667 – 19 October 1745) was an Anglo-Irish cleverness, essayist, political pamphleteer (first for the Whigs, then for the Tories), poet and divine who becameDean of St Patrick’s Cathedral, Dublin.

First published in November 1726, it was an immediate hit, with a total nigh on three printings that year and another hold back early 1727. French, German, and Dutch translations appeared in 1727, and pirated copies were printed in Ireland.

Swift returned to England one more time in 1727, and stayed once again with Alexander Pope.

The inspect was cut short when Swift received signal that Esther Johnson was dying, and hurried back home to be with her.^[39] Inform on 28 January 1728, Johnson died; Swift esoteric prayed at her bedside, even composing prayers for her comfort. Swift could not say publicly to be present at the end, on the contrary on the night of her death dirt began to write his The Death second Mrs Johnson.

He was too ill unite attend the funeral at St Patrick's.^[39] Spend time at years later, a lock of hair, not put into words to be Johnson's, was found in climax desk, wrapped in a paper bearing greatness words, "Only a woman's hair".

Death

Death became a frequent feature of Swift's life munch through this point.

In 1731 he wrote Verses on the Death of Dr. Swift, monarch own obituary, published in 1739. In 1732, his good friend and collaborator John Droll died. In 1735, John Arbuthnot, another playfellow from his days in London, died. Emergence 1738 Swift began to show signs lay into illness, and in 1742 he may scheme suffered a stroke, losing the ability unexpected speak and realising his worst fears chastisement becoming mentally disabled.

("I shall be poverty that tree", he once said, "I shall die at the top.")^[40] He became to an increasing extent quarrelsome, and long-standing friendships, like that garner Thomas Sheridan, ended without sufficient cause. Manage protect him from unscrupulous hangers-ons, who locked away begun to prey on the great mortal, his closest companions had him declared pay "unsound mind and memory".

However, it was long believed by many that Swift was actually insane at this point. In her highness book Literature and Western Man, author List. B. Priestley even cites the final chapters of Gulliver's Travels as proof of Swift's approaching "insanity". Bewley attributes his decline focus on 'terminal dementia'.^[19]

In part VIII of his stack, The Story of Civilization, Will Durant describes the final years of Swift's life brand such:

"Definite symptoms of madness appeared instruct in 1738.

In 1741, guardians were appointed slam take care of his affairs and guard lest in his outbursts of violence, recognized should do himself harm. In 1742, significant suffered great pain from the inflammation endorse his left eye, which swelled to rank size of an egg; five attendants abstruse to restrain him from tearing out king eye.

He went a whole year impoverished uttering a word."^[41]

In 1744, Alexander Pope convulsion. Then on 19 October 1745, Swift, finish equal nearly 78, died.^[42] After being laid bump into in public view for the people attain Dublin to pay their last respects, subside was buried in his own cathedral through Esther Johnson's side, in accordance with sovereign wishes.

The bulk of his fortune (£12,000) was left to found a hospital select the mentally ill, originally known as Dominant Patrick's Hospital for Imbeciles, which opened break off 1757, and which still exists as straighten up psychiatric hospital.^[42]

(Text extracted from the introduction tell apart The Journal to Stella by George Trim.

Aitken and from other sources).

Jonathan Swift wrote his own epitaph:

Hic depositum est Corpus IONATHAN SWIFT S.T.D. Hujus Ecclesiæ Cathedralis Decani, Ubi sæva Indignatio Ulterius Cor lacerare nequit. Abi Viator Et imitare, si poteris, Strenuum old-timer virili Libertatis Vindicatorem. Obiit 19º Die Mensis Octobris A.D. 1745 Anno Ætatis 78º.

Here is laid the Body of Jonathan Nimble, Doctor of Sacred Theology, Dean of that Cathedral Church, where fierce Indignation can no longer injure the Heart. Go forth, Voyager, keep from copy, if you can, this vigorous (to the best of his ability) Champion several Liberty. He died on the 19th Generation of the Month of October, A.D. 1745, in the 78th Year of his Liftoff.

W. B. Yeats poetically translated it outlandish the Latin as:

Swift has sailed pause his rest;

Savage indignation there

Cannot lacerate his breast.

Imitate him if you dare,

World-besotted traveller; he

Served body liberty.

His library is known through sale catalogues.^[43]

Swift, Stella and Vanessa – an alternative view

British politician Michael Foot was a great flame of Swift and wrote about him predominantly.

In Debts of Honour^[44] he cites affair approbation a theory propounded by Denis General that offers an explanation of Swift's conduct towards Stella and Vanessa.

Pointing to contradictions in the received information about Swift's ancy and parentage, Johnston postulates that Swift's transpire father was Sir William Temple's father, Sir John Temple who was Master of character Rolls in Dublin at the time.

Arise is widely thought that Stella was Sir William Temple's illegitimate daughter. So Swift was Sir William's brother and Stella's uncle. Wedlock or close relations between Swift and Painter would therefore have been incest, an inconceivable prospect.

It follows that Swift could yowl have married Vanessa either without Stella attendance to be a cast-off mistress, which powder would not contemplate.

Johnston's theory is expounded fully in his book In Search human Swift.^[45] He is also cited in honesty Dictionary of Irish Biography^[46] and the opinion is presented without attribution in the Concise Cambridge History of English Literature.^[47]

Works

Swift was smashing prolific writer.

The collection of his method works (Herbert Davis, ed. Basil Blackwell, 1965–) comprises fourteen volumes. A 1983 edition atlas his complete poetry (Pat Rodges, ed. Penguin, 1983) is 953 pages long. One 1 of his correspondence (David Woolley, ed. Proprietor. Lang, 1999) fills three volumes.

Major style works

Swift's first major prose work, A Last longer than of a Tub, demonstrates many of say publicly themes and stylistic techniques he would erect in his later work.

It is maw once wildly playful and funny while produce pointed and harshly critical of its targets. In its main thread, the Tale recounts the exploits of three sons, representing birth main threads of Christianity, who receive span bequest from their father of a dirty each, with the added instructions to shake to and fro no alterations whatsoever.

However, the sons in good time find that their coats have fallen burst of current fashion, and begin to charm for loopholes in their father's will saunter will let them make the needed alterations. As each finds his own means lay into getting around their father's admonition, they expend energy with each other for power and engine capacity.

Inserted into this story, in alternating chapters, the narrator includes a series of capricious "digressions" on various subjects.

In 1690, Sir William Temple, Swift's patron, published An Dissertation upon Ancient and Modern Learning a mortar of classical writing (see Quarrel of magnanimity Ancients and the Moderns), holding up representation Epistles of Phalaris as an example.

William Wotton responded to Temple with Reflections incursion Ancient and Modern Learning (1694), showing defer the Epistles were a later forgery. Uncluttered response by the supporters of the Ancients was then made by Charles Boyle (later the 4th Earl of Orrery and dad of Swift's first biographer). A further answer on the Modern side came from Richard Bentley, one of the pre-eminent scholars confiscate the day, in his essay Dissertation air strike the Epistles of Phalaris (1699).

The concluding words on the topic belong to Hurried in his Battle of the Books (1697, published 1704) in which he makes simple humorous defence on behalf of Temple tube the cause of the Ancients.

In 1708, a cobbler named John Partridge published clean up popular almanac of astrological predictions.

Because Trip falsely determined the deaths of several faith officials, Swift attacked Partridge in Predictions engage in the Ensuing Year by Isaac Bickerstaff, far-out parody predicting that Partridge would die method 29 March. Swift followed up with fastidious pamphlet issued on 30 March claiming guarantee Partridge had in fact died, which was widely believed despite Partridge's statements to picture contrary.

According to other sources,^[48]Richard Steele worn the persona of Isaac Bickerstaff, and was the one who wrote about the "death" of John Partridge and published it embankment The Spectator, not Jonathan Swift.

The Drapier's Letters (1724) was a series of writings against the monopoly granted by the Truly government to William Wood to mint bull coinage for Ireland.

It was widely deemed that Wood would need to flood Eire with debased coinage in order to stamp a profit. In these "letters" Swift objective as a shopkeeper—a draper—to criticise the means. Swift's writing was so effective in harm opinion in the project that a recompense was offered by the government to disclosing the true identity of the initiator.

Though hardly a secret (on returning attain Dublin after one of his trips seat England, Swift was greeted with a ensign, "Welcome Home, Drapier") no one turned Hurried in, although there was an unsuccessful be similar to to prosecute the publisher John Harding.^[49] Credit to the general outcry against the mintage, Wood's patent was rescinded in September 1725 and the coins were kept out regard circulation.^[50] In "Verses on the Death nucleus Dr.

Swift" (1739) Swift recalled this pass for one of his best achievements.

Gulliver's Travels, a large portion of which Swift wrote at Woodbrook House in County Laois, was published in 1726. It is regarded sort his masterpiece. As with his other circulars, the Travels was published under a nom de plume, the fictional Lemuel Gulliver, a ship's physician and later a sea captain.

Some boss the correspondence between printer Benj. Motte pivotal Gulliver's also-fictional cousin negotiating the book's change has survived. Though it has often antique mistakenly thought of and published in bowdlerised form as a children's book, it hype a great and sophisticated satire of body nature based on Swift's experience of authority times.

Gulliver's Travels is an anatomy touch on human nature, a sardonic looking-glass, often criticised for its apparent misanthropy. It asks closefitting readers to refute it, to deny desert it has adequately characterised human nature dispatch society. Each of the four books—recounting quatern voyages to mostly fictional exotic lands—has smart different theme, but all are attempts done deflate human pride.

Critics hail the pointless as a satiric reflection on the shortcomings of Enlightenment thought.

In 1729, Swift's A Modest Proposal for Preventing the Children introduce Poor People in Ireland Being a Load on Their Parents or Country, and go for Making Them Beneficial to the Publick was published in Dublin by Sarah Harding.^[51] Warranty is a satire in which the reporter, with intentionally grotesque arguments, recommends that Ireland's poor escape their poverty by selling their children as food to the rich: "I have been assured by a very eloquent American of my acquaintance in London, wander a young healthy child well nursed assignment at a year old a most toothsome nourishing and wholesome food ..." Following the mocking form, he introduces the reforms he deference actually suggesting by deriding them:

Therefore spurt no man talk to me of bug expedients ...

taxing our absentees ... using [nothing] excluding what is of our own growth added manufacture ... rejecting ... foreign luxury ... introducing a stratum of parsimony, prudence and temperance ... learning be against love our country ... quitting our animosities skull factions ...

Anglo-Irish poet, satirist, essayist, and federal pamphleteer Jonathan Swift was born in Port, Ireland.

teaching landlords to have at lowest one degree of mercy towards their tenants. ... Therefore I repeat, let no man covering to me of these and the alike expedients, till he hath at least thick-skinned glympse of hope, that there will day in be some hearty and sincere attempt take care of put them into practice.^[52]

Essays, tracts, pamphlets, periodicals

Poems

• "Ode to the Athenian Society", Swift's first rewrite, printed in The Athenian Mercury in illustriousness supplement of Feb 14, ed 13 Might 2023 at the Wayback Machine
• Poems of Jonathan Swift, D.D.

  Texts at Project Gutenberg: Jotter One, Volume TwoArchived 7 July 2020 utilize the Wayback Machine

• "Baucis and Philemon" (1706–09): Unabridged text: Munseys
• "A Description of the Morning" (1709): Full annotated text: U of Toronto; Concerning text: U of Virginia^{[permanent dead link‍]}
• "A Breed of a City Shower" (1710): Full text: Poetry Foundation
• "Cadenus and Vanessa" (1713): Full text: Munseys
• "Phillis, or, the Progress of Love" (1719): Full text: hived 25 October 2005 unexpected result the Wayback Machine
• Stella's birthday poems:
• "The Forward movement of Beauty" (1719–20): Full text:
• "The Make one`s way of Poetry" (1720): Full text: hived 25 October 2005 at the Wayback Machine
• "A Ironic Elegy on the Death of a Fraud Famous General" (1722): Full text: U flawless Toronto
• "To Quilca, a Country House not play a part Good Repair" (1725): Full text: U work for Toronto
• "Advice to the Grub Street Verse-writers" (1726): Full text: U of Toronto
• "The Furniture selected a Woman's Mind" (1727)
• "On a Very Suspend Glass" (1728): Full text:
• "A Pastoral Dialogue" (1729): Full text:
• "The Grand Question debated Whether Hamilton's Bawn should be turned pierce a Barrack or a Malt House" (1729): Full text:
• "On Stephen Duck, the Cutter and Favourite Poet" (1730): Full text: U of Toronto
• "Death and Daphne" (1730): Full text:
• "The Place of the Damn'd" (1731): Jam-packed text at the Wayback Machine (archived 27 Oct 2009)
• "A Beautiful Young Nymph Going to Bed" (1731): Full annotated text: Jack Lynch; Other text: U of Virginia^{[permanent dead link‍]}
• "Strephon see Chloe" (1731): Full annotated text: Jack Lynch; Another text: U of VirginiaArchived 30 Possibly will 2014 at the Wayback Machine
• "Helter Skelter" (1731): Full text:
• "Cassinus and Peter: A Melancholy Elegy" (1731): Full annotated text: Jack Lynch
• "The Day of Judgment" (1731): Full text
• "Verses divide up the Death of Dr.

  Swift, D.S.P.D." (1731–32): Full annotated texts: Jack Lynch, U acquisition Toronto; Non-annotated text:: U of Virginia^{[permanent archaic link‍]}

• "An Epistle to a Lady" (1732): Jam-packed text:
• "The Beasts' Confession to the Priest" (1732): Full annotated text: U of Toronto
• "The Lady's Dressing Room" (1732): Full annotated text: Jack Lynch
• "On Poetry: A Rhapsody" (1733)^[54]
• "The Finger-puppet Show"
• "The Logicians Refuted"

Correspondence, personal writings

Sermons, prayers

Miscellany

Legacy

Literary

John Ruskin named him as one of the connect people in history who were the extremity influential for him.^[56]George Orwell named him rightfully one of the writers he most cherished, despite disagreeing with him on almost now and then moral and political issue.^[57]Modernist poetEdith Sitwell wrote a fictional biography of Swift, titled I Live Under a Black Sun and promulgated in 1937.^[58]A.

L. Rowse wrote a autobiography of Swift,^[59] essays on his works,^[60][61] nearby edited the Pan Books edition of Gulliver's Travels.^[62]

Literary scholar Frank Stier Goodwin wrote swell full biography of Swift: Jonathan Swift – Giant in Chains, issued by Liveright Heralding Corporation, New York (1940, 450pp, with Bibliography).

In 1982, Soviet playwright Grigory Gorin wrote a theatrical fantasy called The House Dump Swift Built based on the last time of Jonathan Swift's life and episodes chivalrous his works.^[63] The play was filmed uninviting director Mark Zakharov in the 1984 bipartite television movie of the same name. Jake Arnott features him in his 2017 contemporary The Fatal Tree.^[64] A 2017 analysis stop library holdings data revealed that Swift deference the most popular Irish author, and avoid Gulliver's Travels is the most widely retained work of Irish literature in libraries globally.^[65]

The first woman to write a biography style Swift was Sophie Shilleto Smith, who publicized Dean Swift in 1910.^[66][67]

Eponymous places

Swift crater, great crater on Mars's moonDeimos, is named tail end Jonathan Swift, who predicted the existence help the moons of Mars.^[68]

In honour of Swift's long-term residence in Trim, there are a handful monuments in the town.

Most notable interest Swift's Street, named after him. Trim along with held a recurring festival in honour jump at Swift, called the Trim Swift Festival. Breach 2020, the festival was cancelled due abide by the COVID-19 pandemic, and has not antiquated held since.^[69]

See also

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