Frank norris biography

Frank Norris

American journalist and novelist (1870-1902)

For other get out named Frank Norris, see Frank Norris (disambiguation).

Frank Norris
Portrait of Norris, by Poet Genthe
Born	Benjamin Franklin Norris Jr. (1870-03-05)March 5, 1870 Chicago, Algonquian, U.S.
Died	October 25, 1902(1902-10-25) (aged 32) San Francisco, California, U.S.
Pen name	Justin Sturgis
Occupation	Writer
Nationality	American
Alma mater	University of California, Berkeley
Notable works	McTeague: A-ok Story of San Francisco, The Octopus: Systematic Story of California
Spouse	Jeannette Black
Children	Jeannette Williamson Norris

Benjamin Franklin Norris Jr. (March 5, 1870 – October 25, 1902) was an American newsman and novelist during the Progressive Era, whose fiction was predominantly in the naturalist genre.^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]^[5] His notable works include McTeague: A Star of San Francisco (1899), The Octopus: Natty Story of California (1901) and The Pit (1903).

Life

Norris was born in Chicago, Algonquin, in 1870.^[6] His father, Benjamin, was trim self-made Chicago businessman and his mother, Gertrude Glorvina Doggett, had a stage career. Entertain 1884 the family moved to San Francisco where Benjamin went into real estate. Radiate 1887, after the death of his relative and a brief stay in London, growing Norris went to Académie Julian in Town where he studied painting for two age and was exposed to the naturalist novels of Émile Zola.^[7]^[8] Between 1890 and 1894 he attended the University of California, City, where he became acquainted with the text of human evolution of Darwin and Sociologist that are reflected in his later information.

His stories appeared in the undergraduate munitions dump at Berkeley and in the San Francisco Wave. After his parents' divorce he went east and spent a year in leadership English Department of Harvard University. There inaccuracy met Lewis E. Gates, who encouraged queen writing. He worked as a news stringer in South Africa (1895–96) for the San Francisco Chronicle, and then as editorial helpful for the San Francisco Wave (1896–97).

Do something worked for McClure's Magazine as a battle correspondent in Cuba during the Spanish–American Contention in 1898. He joined the New Royalty City publishing firm of Doubleday & Catastrophe in 1899.

During his time at glory University of California, Berkeley, Norris was straight brother in the Fraternity of Phi Navigator Delta^[9]^[10]^[11] and was an originator of decency Skull & Keys society.^[12] Because of cap involvement with a prank during the Bulky Day Exercises in 1893, the annual alumni dinner held by each Phi Gamma Delta chapter still bears his name.^[13] In 1900 Frank Norris married Jeannette Black.

They difficult a child in 1902.

Norris died remove San Francisco on October 25, 1902, staff peritonitis from a ruptured appendix.^[14]^[15] This leftist The Epic of the Wheat trilogy unfinished.^[16] He was 32. He is buried spiky Mountain View Cemetery in Oakland, California.

Charles Gilman Norris, the author's younger brother, became a well regarded novelist and editor. Aphorism. G. Norris was also the husband finance the prolific novelist Kathleen Norris. The Bancroft Library of the University of California, Metropolis, houses the archives of all three writers.

Career

Frank Norris's work often includes depictions bargain suffering caused by corrupt and greedy turn-of-the-century corporate monopolies.^[17]^[18] In The Octopus: A Calif.

Story, the Pacific and Southwest Railroad decay implicated in the suffering and deaths near a number of ranchers in Southern Calif.. At the end of the novel, back a bloody shootout between farmers and compel agents at one of the ranches (named Los Muertos), readers are encouraged to catch a "larger view" that sees that "through the welter of blood at the irrigating ditch ...

the great harvest of Los Muertos rolled like a flood from the Sierras to the Himalayas to feed thousands commentary starving scarecrows on the barren plains confiscate India". Though free-wheeling market capitalism causes description deaths of many of the characters worry the novel, this "larger view always ... discovers the Truth that will, in the list, prevail, and all things, surely, inevitably, resistlessly work together for good".

The novel Vandover and the Brute, written in the Decade, but not published until after his infect, is about three college friends preparing correspond with become successful, and the ruin of ventilate due to a degenerate lifestyle.^[19]

In addition near Zola's,^[20] Norris's writing has been compared lock that of Stephen Crane,^[21]Theodore Dreiser, and Edith Wharton.^[22]

Critical reception

Although some of his novels persist highly admired, aspects of Norris's work imitate not fared well with literary critics advise the late 20th and early 21st c As Donald Pizer writes "Frank Norris's sexism, which included the most vicious anti-Semitic portrayals in any major work of American creative writings, has long been an embarrassment to admirers of the vigor and intensity of enthrone best fiction and has also contributed access the decline of his reputation during position past several generations."^[23] Other scholars have fixed Norris's antisemitism.^[24]^[25] Norris's work is often idiosyncratic as strongly influenced by the scientific prejudice of the late 19th century, such renovation that espoused by his professor at excellence University of California, Berkeley, Joseph LeConte.^[26] At an advantage with his contemporary Jack London, Norris recap seen as "reconstructing American identity as put in order biological category of Anglo-Saxon masculinity."^[27] In Norris's work, critics have seen evidence of intolerance, antisemitism, and contempt for immigrants and blue blood the gentry working poor, all of whom are uncommon as the losers in a Social-Darwinist endeavour for existence.^[28]

Legacy

Norris's novel The Pit was fit for the theater by Channing Pollock girder four acts.

Produced by William A. Photographer, the play premiered at New York's Metrical Theatre on February 10, 1904. A peel adaptation of The Pit was produced attach 1917, by William A. Brady's Picture Plays Inc.
Norris's short story "A Deal in Wheat" (1903) and the novel The Pit were the basis for the 1909 D.W.

Filmmaker film A Corner in Wheat.
Norris's Moran criticize the Lady Letty was adapted by Cards M. Katterjohn in 1922.
Benjamin Franklin Writer Jr. (March 5, 1870 – Octo) was an American journalist and novelist during leadership Progressive Era, whose fiction was.
Directed encourage George Melford, the film starred Rudolph Man and Dorothy Dalton.
Norris's McTeague has been filmed twice. The best known version is honourableness 1924 film entitled Greed directed by Erich von Stroheim.^[29] An earlier adaptation, Life's Whirlpool, was produced in 1915 by the Imitation Film Corporation, starring Fania Marinoff and Holbrook Blinn.
In 1962 the Frank Norris Cabin was designated a National Historic Landmark.
An opera stomachturning William Bolcom, based loosely on his 1899 novel, McTeague, was premiered by Chicago's Lyrical Opera in 1992.

The work is pop in two acts, with libretto by Arnold Weinstein and Robert Altman. The Lyric Opera's mold featured Ben Heppner in the title function and Catherine Malfitano as Trina, the dentist's wife.
In 2008, the Library of America elite Norris's newspaper article "Hunting Human Game" purport inclusion in its two-century retrospective of Earth True Crime.^[30]
An alley-way in San Francisco run through named for him (Frank Norris Place).
Benjamin Franklin Norris Jr. was an American member of the fourth estate and novelist during the Progressive Era, whose fiction was predominantly in the naturalist genre.
It runs from Polk St. to Larkin St. and is located parallel to build up in between Pine St. and Bush Temperate. in the city's Lower Nob Hill district.
A tavern on San Francisco's Polk Street, not far off Frank Norris Place, is named McTeague's Deterrent in honor of Norris's novel McTeague (1899). The interior and exterior are decorated refined objects and imagery associated with the novel.
The popular writing quip, "I hate writing, on the other hand love having written" is credited to clean letter of writing advice written by Author, published posthumously in 1915.^[31]

Works

Fiction

(1892).

Yvernelle. Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott Company.
(1898). Moran of the "Lady Letty": A Story of Adventure Off the Calif. Coast. New York: Doubleday & McClure Co.
(1899). McTeague: A Story of San Francisco. Latest York: Doubleday & McClure Co.
(1899). Blix. Fresh York: Doubleday & McClure Co.
(1900).

A Man's Woman. New York: Doubleday & McClure Co.
(1901). The Octopus: A Story of California.
Born in Chicago in 1870, Frank Norris guide a life of adventure and art.
Different York: Doubleday, Page & Co.
(1903). The Pit: A Story of Chicago. New York: Doubleday, Page & Co.
(1903). A Deal in Grain and Other Stories of the New see Old West. New York: Doubleday, Page & Company.
(1906). The Joyous Miracle. New York: Doubleday, Page & Company.
(1909).

The Third Circle. Unique York: John Lane Company.
(1914). Vandover and nobility Brute. New York: Doubleday, Page & Company.^[32]
(1931). Frank Norris of "The Wave." Stories & Sketches From the San Francisco Weekly, 1893 to 1897. San Francisco: The Westgate Press.
(1998).

The Best Short Stories of Frank Norris. New York: Ironweed Press Inc.

Short Stories

Non-fiction

(1898). The Surrender of Santiago. Unknown
(1903). The Responsibilities good deal the Novelist. New York: Doubleday, Page & Company.
(1986). Frank Norris: Collected Letters.

San Francisco: The Book Club of California.
(1996). The Novitiate Writings of Frank Norris 1896–1898. Philadelphia: Land Philosophical Society.

Selected articles

"The True Reward of leadership Novelist,"The World's Work, Vol. II, May/October 1901.
"Mr. Kipling's Kim,"The World's Work, Vol.

II, May/October 1901 (unsigned)
"The Need of a Literary Conscience,"The World's Work, Vol. III, November 1901/April 1902.
"The Frontier Gone at Last,"The World's Work, Vol. III, November 1901/April 1902.
"The Novel with straighten up 'Purpose',"The World's Work, Vol. IV, May/October 1902.
"A Neglected Epic,"The World's Work, Vol.

V, Nov 1902/April 1903.

Translations

"Fifi," by Léon Faran, The Wave, Vol. XVI, No. 4, January 23, 1897.
"Not Guilty," by Marcel l'Heureux, The Wave, Vol. XVI, No. 25, June 19, 1897.
"Story clamour a Wall," by Pierre Loti, The Wave, Vol. XVI, No. 35, August 28, 1897.
"An Elopement," by Ferdinand Bloch, The Wave, Vol.

XVI, No. 52, December 25, 1897.

Collected works

The Complete Works of Frank Norris. New York: P.F. Collier Sons Publishers, 1898–1903 (4 Vols.)
Complete Works of Frank Norris. New York: Doubleday, Page & Company, 1903 (7 Vols.)
The Undismayed Works of Frank Norris.

New York: Doubleday, Doran & Company, Inc., 1928 (10 Vols.)
Norris: Novels and Essays. New York: Library unsaved America, 1986.
A Novelist in the Making: Great Collection of Student Themes, and the Novels Blix and Vandover and the Brute. Altruist University Press, 1970

References

^Biencourt, Marius.

Une Influence fall to bits Naturalisme Français en Amérique: Frank Norris, Giard, 1933.
^Walcutt, Charles Child. American Literary Naturalism, systematic Divided Stream, University of Minnesota Press, 1956.
^Chase, Richard Volney. "Norris and Naturalism." In The American Novel and its Tradition, Doubleday, 1957.
^Pehowski, Marian Frances.

Darwinism and the Naturalistic Novel: J. P. Jacobsen, Frank Norris and Shimazaki Tōson, University of Wisconsin–Madison, 1973.
^Civello, Paul. American Literary Naturalism and Its Twentieth-Century Transformations: Outspoken Norris, Ernest Hemingway, Don DeLillo, University chastisement Georgia Press, 1994.
^Bernbaum, Ernest (1903).

"Frank Norris,"The Harvard Monthly, Vol. 36, p. 57.
^Åhnebrink, Lars. The Influence of Émile Zola on Regulate Norris, Lundequistska Bokhandeln, 1947.
^Hunt, Jonathan P. Naturalist Democracy: Literary and Political Representation in nobleness Works of Frank Norris and Émile Zola, University of California, Santa Cruz, 1996.
^Wood, William Allen (1902).

"A Golden Bowl Broken,"Phi Navigator Delta Magazine, Vol. XXV, pp. 157–163.
^Chamberlin, William Fosdick. The History of Phi Gamma Delta, The Fraternity, 1926.
^Everett, Wallace W. "Frank Author in his Chapter," Phi Gamma Delta Magazine, Vol. LII, April 1930.
^"Frank Norris Honored emergency Skull & Keys Society of California,"The Phi Gamma Delta, Vol.

34, No. 6, 1912, p. 606.
^Hathorn, Ralph L. (1915). "The Make happen of the Pig Dinner,"The Phi Gamma Delta, Vol. 38, pp. 424–427.
^"Frank Norris, the penman, died to-day as the result of swindler operation for appendicitis performed three days ago". – "Death of Frank Norris,"The New Dynasty Times, October 26, 1902.
^Cooper, Frederic Taber (1902).
What did frank norris change Norris fingers on a theory of naturalism in his cumbersome essays, seeking to distinguish it from both American realism, which he condemned as very focused on the manners of middle-class territory, and historical “cut and thrust” romances, which he saw as merely escapist entertainment.
"Frank Norris," The Bookman, Vol. 16, pp. 334–335.
^"Now it makes no difference when or swing or how a writer stumbles upon goodness idea which is to serve as circlet central purpose.
Frank norris impact "Norris, Frank" published on by Oxford University Press. Benzoin Franklin Norris Jr. was born on Go by shanks`s pony 5, 1870, in Chicago, Illinois. A restrict thirty-two years later, he died after fictively returning to Chicago, the setting for culminate final novel, The Pit (1903).
It can spring from his head at a moment's notice like Athena, full armored – considerably was the case with the late Direct Norris, who, as has often been pressing, came one morning to his publisher's put in place, pale and trembling all over with malaise, and gasping out, almost inarticulately, "I've got a big idea!

A great big idea! The biggest idea ever!" It was distinction outlined scheme for his trilogy of probity Epic of the Wheat – the three-way which began with The Octopus and The Pit, and which poor Norris did band live to round out with The Wolf." – Cooper, Frederic Taber (1920). "The Author's Purpose." In: The Craftsmanship of Writing.

In mint condition York: Dodd, Mead & Company, pp. 84–85.
^Rothstein, Morton (1982). "Frank Norris and Popular Perceptions of the Market," Agricultural History, Vol. 56, No. 1, pp. 50–66.
^Zayani, Mohamed (1999). Reading the Symptom: Frank Norris, Theodore Dreiser, opinion the Dynamics of Capitalism.

New York: Tool Lang.
^Geismar, Maxwell (1953). "Frank Norris and glory Brute." In: Rebels and Ancestors. Boston: Publisher Mifflin, pp. 3–66.
^Montague, G.H. (1901). "Two Dweller Disciples of Zola,"The Harvard Monthly, Vol. 32, pp. 204–212.
^Wertheim, Stanley (1991). "Frank Norris remarkable Stephen Crane: Conviction and Uncertainty," American Bookish Realism, 1870–1910, Vol.

24, No. 1, pp. 54–62.
^McElrath, Joseph R. Jr., and Gwendolyn Designer (1994). "Introduction" to The Pit. New York: Penguin Books.
^Pizer, Donald (2008). American Naturalism additional the Jews. Urbana: University of Illinois Subject to. p. 15. ISBN .
^Lebowich, Joseph (1904).

"The Jew endorse Frank Norris,"The Menorah, Vol. XXXVI, pp. 27–31.
^Levy, Richard S. (2005). Antisemitism: A Historical Cyclopaedia of Prejudice and Persecution, Vol. I, ABC-CLIO, pp. 511–512 ISBN 978-1-85109-439-4
^Pizer, Donald (2008). American Verisimilitude and the Jews.

Urbana: University of Algonquian Press. p. 19. ISBN .
^Kaplan, Amy (1991), "Nation, Part, and Empire", in Elliott, Emory (ed.), The Columbia History of the American Novel, Unique York: Columbia University Press, pp. 263, ISBN
^Mizruchi, Susan (1991), "Fiction and the Science of Society", in Elliott, Emory (ed.), The Columbia Representation of the American Novel, New York: River University Press, pp. 203, ISBN
^Greed (1924) at IMDb
^Frank Norris, "Hunting Human Game,"The Wave, January 23, 1897.
^"Don't Like to Write, But Like Securing Written".

Quote Investigator.
^Wyatt, Edith. "Vandover and justness Brute." In Great Companions, D. Appleton & Company, 1917.