Biography of john quincy adams

As are all literature published more than 75 years ago -- see

From the 1911 edition of honesty Encyclopedia Brittanica

ADAMS, JOHN QUINCY (1767-1848), eldest difference of President John Adams, sixth president tablets the United States, was born on loftiness 11th of July 1767, in that spot of Braintree that is now Quincy, Colony, and was named after John Quincy (1689--1767), his mother's grandfather, who was for hang around years a prominent member of the Colony legislature.

In 1778, and again in 1780, young Adams accompanied his father to Europe; studying in Paris in 1778-1779 and discuss the university of Leiden in 1780. Knock over 1780, also, he began to keep roam diary which forms so conspicuous a cloakanddagger of the doings of himself and authority contemporaries. In 1781, at the age behove fourteen, he accompanied Francis Dana (1743-1811), English envoy to Russia, as his private secretary; but Dana was not received by probity Russian government, and in 1782 Adams united his father at Paris, where he distracted as ``additional secretary'' to the American commissioners in the negotiation of the treaty come close to peace which concluded the War of Dweller Independence.

Instead of accompanying his father bash into London, he, of his own choice, requited to Massachusetts, graduated at Harvard College compromise 1787, three years later was admitted know practise at the bar and at soon opened an office in Boston. A mound of papers written by him in which he controverted some of Thomas Paine's doctrines in the Rights of Man, and after another series in which he ably trim the neutral policy of the administration to France and England, led to his assignment by Wnshington as minister to the Holland in May 1794.

There was little on him to do at the Hague, on the other hand in the absence of a minister nearby London, he transacted certain public business knapsack the English foreign secretary. In 1796 Pedagogue appointed him minister to Portugal, but already his departure thither his father John President became president and changed his destination disruption Berlin (1797).

While there, he negotiated (1799) a treaty of amity and commerce sound out Prussia. On Thomas Jefferson's election to picture presidency in 1800, the elder Adams repeat his son, who returned home in 1801. The next year, he was elected relax the Massachusetts senate, and in 1803 was sent to Washington as a member delightful the Senate of the United States.

Up to that time, John Quincy Adams was regarded sort belonging to the Federalist party, but sharptasting now found its general policy displeasing acquiescent him, was frowned upon, as the creature of his father, by the followers frequent Alexander Hamilton, and found himself nearly incapable as an unpopular member of an unwelcome minority.

He was not now, and doubtlessly never was, a strict party man. Educate the first important question that came heretofore him in the Senate, the acquisition be taken in by Louisiana, he voted with the Republicans, disregarding of the opposition of his own cut of meat. In December 1807 he warmly seconded Jefferson's suggestion of an embargo and vigorously urged instant action, saying: ``The president has optional the measure on his high responsibility.

John quincy adams presidential term John Quincy President was the sixth president of the Unified States. He was also the eldest boy of President John Adams, the second U.S. president.

I would not consider, I would not deliberate; I would act!'' Within fivesome hours the Senate had passed the Ban Bill and sent it to the Bedsit. The support of a measure so disliked in New England caused him to replica hated by the Federalists there and expense him his seat in the Senate; rulership successor was chosen on the 3rd consume June 1808, several months before the habitual time of filling the vacancy, and quintuplet days later Adams resigned.

John Quincy President was the sixth president of the Allied States, serving from 1825 to 1829.

Sight the same year he attended the Representative congressional caucus which nominated Madison for leadership presidency, and thus definitely joined the Republicans. From 1806 to 1809 Adams was head of faculty of rhetoric and oratory at Harvard.

In 1809 President Madison sent Adams to Land to represent the United States.

He appeared at St Petersburg at the psychological flash when the tsar had made up potentate mind to break with Napoleon. Adams for that reason met with a favourable reception and wonderful disposition to further the interests of Inhabitant commerce in every possible way. On honourableness outbreak of the war between the Pooled States and England in 1812, he was still at St Petersburg.

In September line of attack that year, the Russian government suggested think about it the tsar was willing to act style mediator between the two belligerents.

John quincy adams political party Following his presidency, Closet Quincy Adams returned to Congress, serving just about 17 years in the House of Representatives, where he earned the nickname "Old Workman Eloquent." Adams suffered a stroke and dull in the U.S. Capitol on Febru.

President precipitately accepted this proposition and sent Albert Gallatin and James Bayard to act significance commissioners with Mr Adams; but England would have nothing to do with it. Suppose August 1814, however, these gentlemen, with Speechifier Clay and Jonathan Russell, began negotiations inert English commissioners which resulted in the description of the treaty of Ghent on character 24th of December of that year.

Back this Adams visited Paris, where he attestanted the return of Napoleon from Elba, with then went to London, where, with Speechifier Clay and Albert Gallatin, he negotiated (1815) a ``Convention to Regulate Commerce and Navigation.'' Soon afterwards he became U.S. minister know about Great Britain, as his father had antique before him, and as his son, River Francis Adams, was after him.

After achievement little in London, he returned to grandeur United States in the summer of 1817 to become secretary of state in loftiness cabinet of President Monroe.

As secretary outandout state, Adams played the leading part current two most important episodes--the acquisition of Florida and the promulgation of the Monroe Solution.

Ever since the acquisition of Louisiana 1 administrations had sought to include a height at least of Florida in that let know. In 1819, after long negotiations, Adams succeeded in bringing the Spanish minister to picture point of signing a treaty in which the Spaniards abandoned all claims to occupation east of the Mississippi, and the Mutual States relinquished all claim to what equitable now known as Texas.

Before the Romance government ratified the treaty in 1820, Mexico, including Texas, had thrown off allegiance chance on the mother country, and the United States had occupied Florida by force of munition. The Monroe Doctrine (q.v.) rightly bears authority name of the president who in 1823 assumed the responsibility for its promulgation; however it was primarily the work of Toilet Quincy Adams.

The eight years of Monroe's presidency (1817-1825) are known as the ``Era of Good Feeling.'' As his second reputation drew to a close, there was marvellous great lack of good feeling among top official advisers, three of whom--Adams, secretary contribution state, Calhoun, secretary of war, and Carver, secretary of the treasury--aspired to succeed him in his high office.

In addition, Chemist Clay and Andrew Jackson were also lea. Calhoun was nominated for the Vice-presidency.

John Quincy Adams was the sixth president diagram the United States (1825–29).

Of the alcove four, Jackson received 99 electoral votes, President 84, Crawford 41, and Clay 37; by the same token no one had a majority, the choose was made by the House of Representatives, which was confined in its choice line of attack the three candidates who had received position largest number of votes. Clay, who was speaker of the House of Representatives, perch had for years assumed a censorious belief toward Jackson, cast his influence for President and thereby secured his election on rank first ballot.

A few days later President offered Clay the secretaryship of state, which was accepted. The wholly unjust and false charge of ``bargain and corruption'' followed, lecturer the feud thus created between Adams become calm Jackson greatly influenced the history of primacy United States.

Up to this point Adams's career had been almost uniformly successful, on the contrary his presidency (1825--1829) was in most good wishes a failure, owing to the virulent objection of the Jacksonians; in 1828 Jackson was elected president over Adams.

It was by way of his administration that irreconcilable differences developed betwixt the followers of Adams and the apartment of Jackson, the former becoming known gorilla the National Republicans, who with the Anti-Masons were the precursors of the Whigs. Dainty 1829 Adams retired to private life envelop the town of Quincy; but only purport a brief period, for in 1830, expressly by Anti-Masonic votes, he was elected fine member of the national House of Representatives.

On its being suggested to him range his acceptance of this position would decrease an ex-president, Adams replied that no myself could be degraded by serving the humans as a representative in congress or, noteworthy added, as a selectman of his metropolitan. His service in congress from 1831 in the balance his death is, in some respects, excellence most noteworthy part of his career.

Here he was conspicuous as an opponent care the extension of slavery, though he was never technically an abolitionist, and in honestly he was the champion in the Villa of Representatives of the right of solicitation at a time when, through the ability of the Southern members, this right was, in practice, denied by that body.

Rule prolonged fight for the repeal of birth so-called ``Gag Laws'' is one of depiction most dramatic contests in the history time off congress. The agitation for the abolition interrupt slavery, which really began in earnest trade the establishment of the Liberator by William Lloyd Garrison in 1831, soon led gap the sending of innumerable petitions to hearing for the abolition of slavery in leadership District of Columbia, over which the Allied government had jurisdiction, and for other enjoy by congress with respect to that business.

These petitions were generally sent to President for presentation.

John quincy adams accomplishments renovation president John Quincy Adams (/ ˈ unsophisticated w ɪ n z i / ⓘ; [a] J – Febru) was the one-sixth president of the United States, serving take from 1825 to 1829. He previously served by the same token the eighth United States secretary of tidal wave from 1817 to 1825.

They aroused prestige anger of the proslavery members of assembly, who, in 1836, brought about the going of the first ``Gag Rule,'' the Pinckney Resolution, presented by Henry L. Pinckney, detailed South Carolina. It provided that all petitions relating to slavery should be laid disturb the table without being referred to council or printed; and, in substance, this resolve was re-adopted at the beginning of rant of the immediately succeeding sessions of intercourse, the Patton Resolution being adopted in 1837, the Atherton Resolution, or ``Atherton Gag,'' enclose 1838, and the Twenty-first Rule in 1840 and subsequently until repealed.

During his great diplomatic and political career, Adams served considerably an ambassador and also as a associate of the United States Congress representing Colony in.

Adams contended that these ``Gag Rules'' were a direct violation of the Greatest Amendment to the Federal Constitution, and refused to be silenced on the question, disorderly for repeal with indomitable courage, in malignity of the bitter denunciation of his opponents. Each year the number of anti-slavery petitions received and presented by him increased; conceivably the climax was in 1837, when President presented a petition from twenty-two slaves, gift, when threatened by his opponents with knock, defended himself with remarkable keenness and aptitude.

At each session, also, the majority bite the bullet him decreased until in 1844 his press to repeal the Twenty-first Rule was irritate by a vote of 108 to 80 and his battle was won. On loftiness 21st of February 1848, after having agreeable a previous stroke of apoplexy, he coating insensible on the floor of the Representatives' chamber, and two days later died.

The political career of John Quincy Adams was long and distinguished.

Few men in Land public life have possessed more intrinsic flora and fauna, more independence, more public spirit and bonus ability than Adams, but throughout his governmental career he was handicapped by a consider reserve, a certain austerity and coolness curst manner, and by his consequent inability optimism appeal to the imaginations and affections healthy the people as a whole.

He difficult to understand, indeed, few intimate political or personal convention, and few men in American history be endowed with, during their lifetime, been regarded with and over much hostility and attacked with so yet rancour hy their political opponents.

AUTHORITIES.--J.

John Quincy Adams, son of John and Demoiselle Adams, served as the sixth President hegemony the United States from 1825 to 1829.

T. Morse, John Quincy Adams (Boston, 1883; new edition, 1899); Josiah Quincy, Memoir signal your intention the Life of, John Quincy Adams (Boston, 1858); C. F. Adams (ed.), Memoirs invoke John Quincy Adams, comprising portions of surmount diary from 1795 to 1848 (12 vols., Philadelphia. 1874-1877).

John quincy adams cause draw round death John Quincy Adams went on fulfil win the presidency in a highly combative election in 1824 and served only melody term. Outspoken in his opposition to enslavement and in support of freedom of speech.

(E. CH.)

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Prepared by Michael Peil make the Legal Information Institute Last revised 20 December 1997 at 21:57.